Discussion on the fire fighting Countermeasures of

Brief discussion on fire fighting Countermeasures in textile factories

China is a large textile country. With the continuous expansion of the foreign trade market, the number and variety of textiles are increasing year by year. As for Jianhu County, a major textile County in Yancheng City, there are more than 50 or 60 textile enterprises in textile factories, towel factories and other related industries, including 3 second-class fire-fighting key units, 27 third-class key units, and the larger ones are Donghua textile, Yuhui group Jiangsu Yuren clothing, jinlongma special textile, suixinglong textile, etc. In recent years, with the application of electronic technology, new processes and new machinery in the textile industry, the proportion of fire alarm and fire in textile factories has increased, especially some old enterprises, old workshops with brick and wood structure, are facing complex problems such as the renovation and reconstruction of old factories, equipment renewal, internal chaos of workshops, and there are large fire hazards, which are easy to cause fire. Once a fire occurs, the situation will become very complex and difficult to put out, Especially in case of fire at night, the visibility is low, which is more likely to cause casualties and huge property losses. This year, a major fire broke out in jinlongma special textile Co., Ltd. and Donghua Textile Co., Ltd., causing great losses to people's property. Therefore, we should pay attention to the tactical research on fire fighting in textile mills, especially in brick and wood textile mills, so that we can grasp the law of fire as soon as possible, grasp the initiative of fire fighting, ensure the development of this kind of enterprises, and reduce fires and losses as much as possible. Now let's talk about my personal superficial views on this topic

I. architectural characteristics of textile mills

textile mills are mostly serrated textile workshops, which have the common characteristics of large construction area, more upper, lower, left and right pipelines, fewer entrances and exits, continuous workshops, more electrical equipment, and poor natural ventilation conditions

1. Large building area and low fire resistance rating. The large building area and the poor fire resistance rating are an important reason for the heavy losses caused by the fire in the textile factory. The service life is long. Due to the needs of production, the area of the textile factory is mostly about 1000-3000 square meters, and some are even larger. There is no fire separation in the middle. Most of the sawtooth roof materials are wood planks and wooden frames, and even four ball friction tester with wooden columns: the friction pair is composed of four steel balls as the load-bearing components, In case of fire, it is likely that the house collapses and penetrates the roof, forming a large area of combustion

2. There are many channels in the plant and the internal setting is complex. Due to the needs of production, the textile factory has set up air inlet and exhaust pipes. Some of these pipes are above, some are underground, 60 mesh wood flour is in the interlayer, and some whole workshops are connected together. From the flower cleaning workshop to the cotton thinning workshop, many places use pipes to transport cotton. Once these interconnected pipes inhale sparks, they will quickly form flames and spread to the whole workshop, and some workshops will set a ceiling according to the requirements of the process, Some roofs are equipped with protective layers and insurance layers, which are difficult to find and fight after a fire, and are easy to cause disasters

3. On the plastic machine, the mechanical ejector rod must also be adjusted after the full speed mold opening action. The workshop is dense and connected. According to the production process flow, the textile factory connects five or six workshops, such as Qinghua textile, with only one wall between the workshops, which is called a production unit. The partition wall between the workshops neither passes through the roof, nor does it meet the requirements of the fire door room. Even if some workshops are equipped with fire doors, some do not have opening and closing devices, so once a workshop A fire in a certain section will burn in a short time, and the roof glass will burst and soon wear through

4. There are many and miscellaneous electrical equipment, so there is a high possibility of electrical fire. Due to the large number of machinery and equipment in the textile factory, the supporting electrical equipment is also more and disorderly. As the electrical equipment in the old workshop is aging, cotton, fiber and dust fall on the electrical equipment. Due to the overheating of long-term operation, the accumulated heat does not disperse, smoke and fire, and some friction generates heat and fire. Among the major fire in jinlongma and the fire in Donghua textile factory, the fire was caused by motors and wires, and the fire in jinlongma also caused the collapse of some steel structures, which brought great difficulties to the fire fighting

II. Fire characteristics of textile mills

1. The fire burns violently and develops rapidly. In case of fire in the textile factory, because there are a large number of combustible substances in a large space, the flying flowers, lint and dust formed in the production and processing process will have a high flame temperature (generally about 1500 ℃) under the condition of good ventilation equipment, the combustion speed is fast. Practice shows that the combustion speed of cotton is 16-25 times faster than that of wood. In addition, due to the requirements of production technology, Plants are mostly large-area buildings with multiple spans, with many lighting windows, and some buildings are combustible. In the case of a fire, the fire spreads rapidly upward, which is easy to penetrate the roof, and the gas convection is enhanced, which accelerates the spread of the fire, causing the building structure to collapse easily. Once the fire enters the air supply and suction pipes, a large amount of heat convection is generated in the pipes, making the fire spread to other parts

2. There are many ways to spread, and it is very easy to form a regenerative fire source. There are many crisscross cotton conveying or ventilation pipes in the plant, and the workshops are interconnected. Most of these ventilation pipes are metal structures, but a few are made of combustible materials. When a fire occurs, it will quickly spread from one part to another. If there is no trestle between the plants, the fire can spread from one building line to another. Because cotton has the characteristics of smoldering, it will produce a lot of smoke in the event of a fire, which will affect the spread of fire fighting and hinder the fire-fighting action. At the same time, there is a trace of air in the middle of the cotton fiber, which will cause combustion, and then go along the fiber to the interior of packaging or packaging, When the surface combustion is extinguished, the internal combustion continues to form a regenerative fire source. Therefore, once a fire breaks out in a textile factory or workshop, it is necessary to prepare for a long time of fire fighting

3. It is difficult to find the fire source due to the heavy smoke. In the production process of the textile workshop, due to the requirements of the operation of production tools, there are certain constant temperature facilities inside, with a high degree of airtightness. After a fire, it is difficult to remove the smoke in a short period of time. The combatants go deep into the internal reconnaissance space, and the visibility is low. It is difficult to find the fire source. Sometimes the smoke expands from the pipeline to other workshops and parts, causing smoke filling in other parts, causing the illusion of the fire scene, making it difficult to find out, The burning part brings certain difficulties to the reconnaissance and fire fighting work